We tell the planet about the constitution on may 3

From IPN materials :

The Constitution of 3 May was passed in 1791, by the Sejm of the Republic of both Nations, as the first in Europe. It regulated the state's legal strategy by introducing a constitutional monarchy. On the basis of this, 3 divisions of power were adopted: legislative, executive and judicial. The Veto Liberal, Confederacy and Free Election were abolished.

Although it was in force for only 14 months, it was an effort to modernise Poland's strategy and save its sovereignty. 3 May was restored in the Second Republic of Poland in 1919. During planet War II, it was banned by German and russian occupiers. It was besides banned in the PRL.

Since 1979 it has been celebrated illegally in Gdańsk at the Tree Market. The celebrations were organized jointly by opposition groups: the Young Poland Movement, the Human Rights and Citizens' Defence Movement and the Free Trade Unions of the Coast. The gatherings that took place at the monument of Jan II Sobieski always gathered respective 1000 people. Unfortunately, they active repression, beating, detention, or conviction. In 1980, the main participants of the ceremony were arrested and sentenced to 3 months imprisonment: Tadeusz Szczudłowski and Dariusz Kobzdej.

The exception was 1981, the time of the "Solidarity Carnival" erstwhile the celebration of the 190th anniversary of the Constitution 3 May was held legally, although under the watchful eye of the SB.
Since 1990, 3 May is again the authoritative national vacation of Poles.

The archives of the Branch Archives of the IPN in Gdańsk contain papers issued on the occasion of the anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution on 3 May. Among the acts created or collected by the safety Service, we can separate the plan of order protection during the gathering of the population at the Tree marketplace in Gdańsk on 3 May 1981, the plan of securing the central regional celebration on 3 May 1981 at the Musical Theatre in Gdynia, or the invitation to the Holy Mass on 3 May 1981 at the Basilica of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gdańsk on the occasion of the 190th anniversary of the Constitution 3 May. The papers are supplemented by photographs from the celebration of the 3rd of May in Elbląg.

The most collected materials come from private donors, mainly leaflets, signed by the Youth Fighting Federation inviting to the celebration of the 1st and 3rd May in Gdańsk, handed down by Roman Jankowski, a leaflet of the Executive Committee "Solidarity Fighting" dated 7 April 1989 calling for participation in the celebrations of the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May, handed down by Michał Trzeciak, a leaflet of NSZZ "Solidarity" of Gdańsk Shipyard published in 1983 on the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May, presented by Jan Semenowicz, and a leaflet of the Gdańsk Branch of the Liberal-Democratic organization "Independence" of 1986 on the announcement of 1 May Solidarity Day with Fighting Afghanistan, and calling for participation in the solemn Mass in the Church of Christ King in Gdynia on the occasion of the 195th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of 3 May, which was commissioned by the Archive of Zygmunt Pałasz. An interesting souvenir is besides the postcards issued on the anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution 3 May, which Robert Rakowiec and Jerzy Bielecki gave us. In addition, in a gift from Jerzy Marcinek we find an interesting poster issued on the occasion of the 190th anniversary of the Constitution 3 May.

The Institute of National Memory one more time became a partner of the task “We tell Poland to the world” initiated by the Institute of fresh Media. As part of the initiative, scientists, historians and politicians share their thoughts on Poland's fresh past in the planet media. In the latest installment, the president of the Institute of Public Administration Dr. Jarosław Szarek in the text “Tradition belongs to the Polish soul on 3 May” will tell, among others, about the forms of celebration of the anniversary of the constitution, including on emigration.
Pages from Sélection Pologne 30042021 v3-2

In the weekend edition of the L’Opinion paper of 30 April 2021, in Dossier Pologne, the text of the president of IPN was published entitled “Tradition of 3 May belongs to the Polish soul”.

The “May Day” hoped that even in a hopeless situation the nation could find adequate strength to undertake the work of repairing the Republic. That is why the invaders and occupiers banned her celebrations, but the thought of her creators continued in literary works and songs; she lived among expatriates, returned in clergy sermons on Polish dirt – writes Dr. Jarosław Szarek, president of the Institute of National Memory.

The article is published in the 29th monthly issue of the opinion “Everything Most Important” and on the website www.everything'simportant.pl(link is external). It was translated into English, French, Spanish, Italian and Russian.
The task besides featured texts by: president of the Republic of Poland Andrzej Duda entitled “The Pride of the Republic”, Prof. Wojciech Roszkowski entitled “The First Constitution of Europe”, Prof. Zdzisław Krasnodębski: “Polish tradition of freedom”, Prof. Marek Kornata: “Polish revolution of freedom” and Marcin Chludziński: “Independence helps the economy”.

The promotion of Polish history, as part of the task “We tell the Polish world” is implemented by the Institute of fresh Media, the publisher of the monthly magazine “Everything Most Important”. Among the partners of the task is the Institute of National Memory.

In 2020, the task had 3 installments:
We show Poland to the world. president of IPN in abroad press on the importance of the Warsaw Battle
We tell Poland to the world. president of IPN in abroad press about why Poland survived
We tell Poland to the world: About Polish December ’70 not only in Algeria

In 2019,
We tell Poland to the world. As part of the project, the president of IPN Dr Jarosław Szarek writes about the captain Witold Pilecki
Below we print the text of the president of IPN Jarosław Szarek from the latest version of the task “We Tell Poland to the World” in Polish, English, French, Italian, Spanish and Russian.
Jarosław Szarek: Tradition of 3 May belongs to the Polish soul. The Constitution of 3 May 1791, the first in Europe and the second in the planet after the American one, was only in force for respective months, the memory of it remained for the next 2 centuries an inspiration for generations of Poles wishing freedom and an independent state.

The “May Day” hoped that even in a hopeless situation the nation could find adequate strength to undertake the work of repairing the Republic. Therefore, the invaders and the occupiers banned her celebrations, but the thought of her creators continued in literary works and songs; she lived among the migrants, returned in spiritual sermons on Polish soil. "Welcome May, beautiful May, / A blissful paradise..." – the generations sang, and the cry "Third May!" accompanied patriotic manifestations.
A part of the anniversary of the Constitution was celebrated on emigration, and in Warsaw young participants of patriotic manifestation were filled with prisons. Many of them were independent. In 1916 it could be celebrated freely in Warsaw abandoned by the Russians. The preserved photographs show a 100 thousandth crowd filling the streets of the capital under national banners, which dropped abroad regulation 2 years later. On the threshold of regained freedom, the Republic of Poland established on 3 May as a national holiday.

A fewer years later, the anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution on 3 May besides became a church vacation – the Blessed Virgin Mary of Poland. So the day gained a much broader dimension, due to the fact that it emphasized not only the continuity between the reborn Polish state and the First Republic, but besides the past of the nation and the Church, which gave Poles strength in the fight against German Nazi and russian communist totalitarianism in the twentieth century.
In the years of planet War II, in the German-occupied country, on May 3, the temples filled with faithful ones, and underground organizations carried out commemorative actions. In the forests, guerrilla troops gathered at the field Masses of St. May put up white and red banners at many points of the city, a immense amount of stickers on the walls with the White Eagle and the inscription “We Will Win”, large posters and crowns on the monuments”, reported in the conspiracy press. On May 3, 1943, in the capital in Wilson Square, passersby heard unexpectedly from megaphones broadcasting German propaganda messages the Polish national anthem “Even Poland has not died”.

On the next anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution there were besides words of encouragement for Poles from allies. In 1941, UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill spoke, and a year later Archbishop Westminster, Fr Arthur Hinsely, appealed: "Today we have a work to protest and cry out even louder and with even more stubbornness, opposing the cruel torment of the nation, which for centuries has been the foreshadowing of civilization in Central Europe." In 1943, a United States home of Representatives talker Sam Reyburn gave a peculiar speech to celebrate the Polish national festival: “We pay tribute to you, due to the fact that you stood firm erstwhile everyone else died before the war. [...] We pay tribute to you, for in the war for your own existence you surrounded the care and love of millions of Jews sentenced to slaughter in the hideous walls of ghettos. We pay tribute to you due to your immortal love of freedom, which has prompted another nations to fight for freedom.”

The end of planet War II was the end of the German genocide for Poland, but at the same time the beginning of communist captivity imposed by the russian Union. How meaningful are the photographs of May 3, 1945 showing the field Mass for 1 of the forest troops. A fewer days later, he fought russian NKVD troops at the conflict of Kuryłówka. A year later – May 3, 1946 – churches throughout the country were filled with multitudes of believers, although the communists banned the celebration of that day. Many 1000 patriotic manifestations were organized in the largest cities, including Krakow, Katowice, Wrocław, Poznań and Gdańsk. In many places there was a clash with security, respective 1000 people were arrested, wounded, and even killed. In consequence to the repression, young people in schools and students in higher education institutions were upset.

In the following decades after the political opposition and the armed independency underground were broken, the last bastion of opposition remained the Catholic Church with the primacy of the cardinal. Stefan Wyszynski in the lead. He fought a victorious conflict with the communist government during the millennium celebrations of Poland's baptism, culminating in the celebrations on May 3, 1966 at Jasna Góra, where uncounted multitudes of believers gathered.
Independent demonstrations on May 3 were held by the late 1970s opposition, including in Gdańsk, a city that shortly became the cradle of “Solidarity”. After its emergence on May 3, 1981, the squares and markets of the cities were filled to the brim with solemn Holy Masses, who could freely celebrate this vacation for the first time since 1939.

How different it was in 1982 after martial law was introduced. Photographs taken by Chris Niedenthal that day are increasing to the rank of the symbol, as they depict a solidarity manifestation at the Castle Square in Warsaw broken by militia troops under the walls of the same Royal Castle, in which the Constitution was passed in 1791, and where the king with all states went to the cathedral under which the militia beat the demonstrators in 1982. A year later, the leadership of the underground “Solidarity” issued a commemorative statement: “Our great-grandfathers passed a paper introducing the country to the way of political and social development...”.

In the 2 hundredth Jubilee of the Constitution, in 1991, Pope John Paul II came to the nation with the words: “The tradition of 3 May belongs to the past of his soul, just as it belongs to the past of the soul of all his fellow countrymen. Our prayer cry today: “Teach us to be free” was valid then, 2 100 years ago. The Constitution of 3 May was a fundamental consequence to it. We all feel it today, after 200 years. Freedom can't just be owned, it can't be used. It must be constantly acquired and created." This message is besides valid present erstwhile we celebrate together not only with the Lithuanian people, but all those who are close to freedom. As the creators of the third-year work wrote: “Every man to the countries of the Republic has recently arrived from either side, or returning, as shortly as he becomes a leg on Polish soil, is completely free...”.

Source :
https://ipn.gov.pl/en/history...(link is external)
https://ipn.gov.pl/en/history...(link is external)