In 1943, German losses came to the conclusion that they would not be able to win the war. However, Louis Erhard, later Chancellor of Germany, is the first creator of specified an application.
Erhard, since 1928 an worker of the Institute for the reflection of the Commodity Economy, and later his deputy director, in 1942, he publically stated that Germany would lose the war.
For his defeat, he was released from the Institute, but immediately hired by the head of the Reich's Central safety Office, where Erhard began investigation into how, after the defeat of Germany and under business conditions, the interests of the German economy are best protected.
Erhard founded the investigation Institute of Industry, whose work was supported by the largest German corporations (min. BASF, BAYER) curious in their postwar fate.
In March 1944, he developed a memorial to “Financing War and consolidating Debts” which made Americans curious in it after the war.
Flooding of German ships:
Gustloff – 30 January 1945 - I'm sorry. about 9600 people died
Steuben - February 10, 1945 - I'm sorry. about 4,500 people died
Goya - April 16, 1945 - I'm sorry. about 6000 people died
5 days before the end of the war:
Cap Arcona – May 3, 1945 - I'm sorry. about 4,300 people died
Thielbeck – May 3, 1945 - I'm sorry. about 2,800 people died
Captain Heinrich Bertram, an officer from HSDG, who had previously commanded, among others, was appointed the last commander of Cap Arcony. Wilhelm Gustloff. On 26 April 1945, 6,500 prisoners were transferred to the ship from concentration campNeuengamme and about 400 survivors Death march From Camp Happy (German: Fürstengrube, Auschwitz KL subcamp). Prisoners were besides placed on another smaller units Thielbeck And Athen. All ships anchored in Lubecka Bay with the probable intention of sinking them along with the prisoners to hide evidence of war crimes[3]. Captain Bertram, mentioned above, protested against taking so many people on board a ship not logistically prepared, but stepped down against violence.[4].
On 2 May 1945, after the cease-fire on land, the Allied Command stated the following message: We call upon all marine vessels flying the flag of the 3rd Reich to immediately call to port. All German ships gathering at sea after 2:00 p.m. on 3 May will be bombed. Repeat. We call all...[5]
Commander-in-chief of the Athen ship, Captain Nibmann, knowing the British's warning, raised a white flag (although stationed aboard an armed SS division and armed Kriegsmarine sailors), agreed with the port commander in Neustadt And at 1:45 p.m., he went to the port. Captain Nibmann knew that the ships on the port bank did not meet the conditions set out in the radio warning. On the flags and masts of the prisoner ships, they waved the flags of the 3rd Reich and no of them had Red Cross markings. Captain Nibmann, calling the port before the end of the British ultimatum, saved the life of 1998 prisoners of the ship Athen (who, after the war, sailed under the Polish flag as Varyński).
The remaining 3 ships, despite all awareness of the Allied warnings, remained on the cart with elevated flags until the air strike inclusive. Captain Cap Arcony intended to light the ship (formerly captain of the authoritative registered infirmary ship Monte Rosa) at night after a British warning, but this was categorically prohibited. On board the ship, there were many tensions between SS guards and the civilian crew of Cap Arcony, who was not ready, on the eve of the end of the war, to bear joint work for a premeditated crime[6]. The ship Thielbeck besides did not rise the white flag.
On May 3, shortly after 2:00 p.m., the ships standing on the deck were attacked by aircraft Hawker Typhoon 3 squadrons RAF (197.,198. and 263.). The 198th squadron aircraft fired 62 rockets towards Cap Arcony and Thielbeck (of which 40 were customs). 197. and 263rd squadron attacked with bombs and rockets ship "Deutschland IV".
A 1000 survivors of the attack reached shore, but there, according to witness reports, SS, Kriegsmarine sailors and armed civilians shot at survivors in the sea and killed those who reached shore. Still, about 350 people survived, as British soldiers arrived.
From the Germans who killed prisoners, those who did not flee before the British arrived were either killed by British soldiers who, seeing what was happening, barely took prisoners, or by prisoners (British did not argue erstwhile prisoners attacked fleeing Germans). For another Germans (those who had escaped earlier), investigation In order to find them, they failed.
On 3 May, Command 2 of the Tactical Aviation Army issued ‘order No 71’: infirmary and Red Cross relief ships will be operating in the area. These vessels will be illustrated and are not repeat not to be attacked / infirmary ships and Red Cross evacuation ships will be in the watershed. These ships will be lit and not to be, I repeat, not to be attacked.
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On 17 April 1945, Thielbek received information that he was to prepare for "special surgery". The next day, the SS summoned Captain Thielbek John Jacobsen and Cap Captain Arcon Heinrich Bertram to a gathering at which they were ordered to ship the concentration camp prisoners. Both captains refused, and Jacobsen was relieved of command.
Order to transfer prisoners from camps to prison ships came from HamburggauleiteraKarl KaufmannWho in turn acted on orders from Berlin. Kaufmann later argued before the Court of War Crimes that the prisoners were destined for Sweden, but in the same process Georg-Henning Graf von Bassewitz-Behr, Senior SS and Police Commander (HSSPF) in Hamburg, he said the prisoners were to be killed at Himmler's command.
The boarding of prisoners began on April 20 in the presence of Swedish Red Cross. Providing the ship with water was insufficient for so many people and regular died between 20 and 30 prisoners. Prisoners, but political prisoners, remained on board for 2 or 3 days before being transferred to Cap Arcon by a cargo ship Athen.
Between the 2 attacks on Cap Arcon, 9 aircraft Hawker Typhoon au No. 198 Squadron RAF stationed in Plantlünne They attacked Thielbek and Deutschland, 5 aircraft fired missiles on Deutschland and 4 on Thielbek. A number of cannon shells and 32 missiles were fired on Thielbek. [3] It caught fire, developed a list of 30 degrees to starboard and sank 20 minutes after the attack. Of the 2,800 prisoners aboard Thielbek, only 50 survived the attack.
In 1949, 4 years after the sinking, "Thielbek" was again launched. Human remains found on her deck were buried at Cap Arcona Cemetery in Neustadt, Holstein. He remained in service Knöhr and Burchard until 1961 erstwhile he was sold, renamed "Magdalene" and registered under Panamanian inexpensive cheap flag. In 1965, it was renamed Old Warrior. It was scrapped in Split in Yugoslavia in 1974.
Since the murders on Cap Arcon and Thielbek were rather public - possibly the erstwhile "catastrophes" were besides murders (on prisoners, Polish civilians, not Germans) just better organized, classified?
It could have been planned in 1943.
It would should be checked out and considered - if the loser was planned - how the adoption of specified a position affected the actions of the Germans in the last 2 years of the war.
On all this background, the March of Death. Aren't they weird?
Instead of simply starving people, hang them, or possibly poison them, drown them in a deep puddle - they led them after the cold.
Of course, half died out - but were there more effective, simpler methods to kill everyone - as I mentioned above?
They chose people for gas from all transport. The Sadist guards killed respective people all day simply beating them.
Killing the prisoners was their eventual goal.
It is not excluded that the survivors of the march were joined by Germans pretending to be victims, who previously could post and work hard physically to match prisoners (There could besides have been people who had not escaped, had no way to escape and paid to pretend to be a prisoner to defend themselves from possible repressions).
Finally, those who were able to sit in individual else’s skin all day were at the head of this machine.
We request to think about it and examine it carefully.
There were not expected to be Poles or Kashubians in Pomerania, so that no 1 would interfere with them in the secrets of this land, so that no 1 would "interrupt".
* Oh, my God *
During the second census 1,345 1000 people declared Polish membership and 265 1000 German. The number of Germans increased slightly, but not in a group of local Germans, but among displaced people in the settlement. This attitude and this after the defeat of France, nevertheless highly symptomatic, remained irrelevant to Forster and his administration.
Forster was looking for something else in the inventory.
He recommended to make the census material for 2 national groups — Germans and Poles. The second were divided into 3 groups: local Poles related to Germany (einheimische Polen mit deutschen Verwandten), another local Poles (sonstige einheimische Polen) and inflow Poles (zugewanderte Polen).
The census allowed Poles to be taken out of legislature and the local population to break up. Collective lists showed 86 1000 inflow Poles, 474,000 local relatives from Germany and 783 1000 another local Poles.
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