Krystian Kamiński: U.S.-China Summit

The summit of the leaders of the 2 superpowers brought very narrow and not far-reaching findings, as could be expected in the time of the imminent confrontation of 2 powers with decisively different interests and civilizations, but akin potentials. However, it cannot be written that the Biden-Xi gathering did not bring anything important.

First of all, an agreement was reached on the restoration of the communication line (‘hot line’) between the commanders liable in the armed forces of the 2 superpowers for the theatre of their possible direct military clash — the South- and East China Sea Basin. It was broken by the Chinese in August 2022 after visiting Taiwan at the time the president of the home of Representatives of the U.S. legislature Nancy Pelosi. The restoration process was discontinued in February of the year following the appearance of a Chinese balloon in American airspace. The Americans then claimed it was a spy balloon and shot it down. The Chinese replied that it was a weather balloon, and although in retrospect information appears that they were telling the truth, they did not inform the Americans in advance of the deviation of the balloon from the course.

The work of the wider defence and maritime working groups has been restored. These agreements express the will of both superpowers to stabilise relations and to manage competition strictly. They are crucial as a mechanics to prevent accidental escalation induced from below.

The president of the PRC besides declared at the summit that its country would take measures to control the export of pharmacological substances that could be utilized to produce fentanyl, a drug that is causing a social disaster in the USA. The Center for illness Control and Prevention reported that between 2016 and 2021 the rate of deaths due to fentanyl overdose increased by 279 percent among the U.S. residents. The emergence of zombie-like drug addicts in many U.S. cities is simply a problem for Joe Biden before next year's presidential election, so Xi Jinping's promise is of political importance to him.

Biden besides had a pre-election interest in presenting himself as a leader stabilizing global relations. 1 of the main lines of the attack of parts of Republicans, and peculiarly leading the polls of Donald Trump, is the criticism of excessive abroad policy interventionism, involving besides much resources in supporting allies in confrontations not having much to do with the interests of "grey citizens". This criticism is peculiarly loud in terms of crucial political but besides material commitment by the US to keep Ukraine fighting Russia.

John Kirby, a typical of the U.S. National safety Council, who stressed that his country was against Taiwan's independence, may be accompanied by a summit.

Biden was the host and added rhetoric to this signaling the further planet primacy of the USA. However, he most likely needed this summit more than the president of the PRC. The latter, on the contrary, utilized at the time of the summit of the old Chinese rhetoric of multipolarity, taking into account different interests, equality between states and their systems.

Xi Jinping can wait. besides about Taiwan. In January next year elections will be held on the island. A fewer months ago, it seemed that despite the end of 2 tenure of Tsai Ing-wen pro-independence and definitely pro-American Democratic Progressive organization would be able to place its politician in the presidential seat. However, willing to cooperate with Beijing Kuomintang and the 3rd power of island politics – the Taiwan People's organization are close to joining forces, putting together a mixed composition of presidential and vice president candidates, which could bring victory.

The Chinese authorities can wait for the U.S. public's patience resources to run out due to its engagement in the conflict in Ukraine and the resulting problems of Biden's administration. Ukrainian authorities with Zelenski at the head believed in their own propaganda, and Russia abolishes the sanctions of the western bloc much better than was announced in Poland, which shifts the phase of seeking a political end to the conflict.

The war between Israel and the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip opened a fresh front for the US. And while the Americans have already moved to the mediate East additional material resources (for Israel) and military forces (including 2 aircraft carriers with impact groups) and are seen as a side of the conflict - a side perceived negatively by the arabian planet and a large part of the global South, China is acting as an arbitrator with peaceful goals and a possible mediator. They had already entered this function erstwhile they led to thawing between Saudi Arabia and Iran. In the meantime, only on 20 November was the gathering of China's abroad Minister Wang Yi with his counterparts from Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Indonesia and the Palestinian Authority, and the typical of the muslim Cooperation Organisation devoted to Gaza. Egypt's typical Samih Szukri stressed the request for Beijing to be active in the vocations of Saudi prince Fajsal andbn Farhan pushing for "immediate stops of fighting", something Washington does not preach.

At the APEC Biden summit, he failed to construct an Indo-Pacific economical Framework Agreement involving 14 APEC countries. president Biden is incapable to revive the concept of binding the region to the US by expanding the scope of economical cooperation and free trade due to the fact that there is no agreement in Washington. Free trade has ruined the American manufacture and the American working class whose anger Trump created, whose character is again delirious in front of the American Democratic Party. Trump blew up a much deeper Transpacific Partnership, designed by the Barack Obama administration as shortly as he came to power.

Xi Jinping, on the another hand, believes that free trade continues to benefit China's power and influence. APEC besides utilized to meet with American business. due to the fact that America is an manufacture and its employees, but they may like the trade war Trump has issued to the Chinese. However, America is also, and possibly to a greater extent, the financial, service and digital sector, and this is much more inclined to search out with Chinese cooperation. Thus, the president of the PRC waved carrots to them, not just a stick that any Western corporations in China already feel are subject to restrictions.

China is facing itself an economical downturn caused by the collapse of the construction sector, the largest sector of their economy, with a share of up to 30% of GDP according to any Western experts. abroad investments in the PRC have been lowest since the 1990s, i.e. times before the planet Trade Organisation. All of this makes Beijing happy with the calm that was achieved at the summit.