FROM THE GRAND CARD OF THE POLISH past KING JOHN KAZIMIER IN THE LEVEL CATEDER

FROM THE large CARD OF POLISH HISTORY

KING JAN KAZIMIER IN THE LEVEL CATEGORY



Swedish King Karol Gustav X and his army attacked the Republic of Poland from both sides - from the side of Western Pomerania and Inflant. This was the beginning of the Swedish flood, the top chaos and demolition in the past of Poland, with a comparison to the demolition of the country during planet War II. They betrayed the magnates - Krzysztof Opaliński in Wielkopolska, Dukes Janusz and Bogusław Radziwiłłów in Lithuania. The Swedes occupied Warsaw and Krakow, and at the end of 1655 the full country, but Lviv, Zamość, the southeastern lands with Vilnius occupied by Moscow. Faithfulness was maintained by the Royal Prussia from Gdańsk. In these conditions, the defence of the monastery in Jasna Góra from 19 November to 27 December 1655 against the Swedish troops of General Muller von Luhnen was a miracle of Divine Providence and Mediation of the Blessed Virgin Mary.



King John Casimir was a zealous Catholic. In 1640, 8 years before his election, he went to Rome, where he joined the Jesuit order. Given the dignity of the Cardinal by Pope Urban VIII, he renounced it after the death of Władysław IV, and after he gave up his right to consequences by Brother Charles Ferdinand, he was chosen king. During his reign, he made six pilgrimages to Jasna Góra. After the coronation on 17 January 1649, he married Louisa Maria Gonzaga, widow of Władysław IV in May of that year (after papal dispensation). On Jasna Góra, as a vote for the triumph over the Cossacks under the Congregation and the defence of Zbaraz, he placed 8 captured flags. From under the congregation, as reported by the old chronicles, "The king of his majesty, our lord, our beloved, here to Lviv with the army and defender is to come." The king's authoritative entry was held on 29 August 1649 and was greeted by the vats, clergy and the population. He was inactive in Lviv respective times, e.g. after a large triumph at Beestek. At that time, he richly endowed the widows of soldiers and gave gifts to the Lviv Jesuits.



OPERATIONAL ACT



When the Swedes occupied Kraków (19 October 1655), Jan Kazimierz took refuge in the Opole Silesia, which, together with the Racibor Dukeship, had been subject to the regulation of his brother, Cardinal Charles Ferdinand, bishop since 1645. Together with the king in Silesia were Queen Maria Louisa, the papal nuncio Fr Archbishop Pietro Vidoni, Polish Primate Andrzej Leszczyński and a group of senators. The king and accompanying persons were guests of the Silesian household hr. Oppersdorff at their castle in Głoguk. The Archbishop of Gniezno Primate Andrzej Leszczyński was an outstanding figure in the king's surroundings. Educated, fluent in languages, until the end of the Swedish war, he shared exile with the royal family. He said from Glogówka a request to Pope Alexander VII to influence Catholic rulers of Europe to rush the Polish king to help. And time passed, but erstwhile the Oppersdorff office received information about the opposition and uprisings of Catholic nobles and mountaineers in Podhale, Jan Kazimierz released on 18 November 1655 a universal calling upon the full Nation to emergence against invaders. In the last days of the siege of Częstochowa, Jan Kazimierz only went to the country with nuncio and respective courtesans, where Stefan Czarniecki began organizing the revolt on Chełm land, and the Potocki and Lanckoroński hetmani established a military confederation in Tyszowce. By Dukla, Krosno, Chain on 10 February 1656, the king and the accompanying modest figure of the 3 banners arrived in Lviv. The city was impoverished, but welcomed the royal procession with large enthusiasm. In October and November 1655 Lwów endured the siege of the combined Cossack and Moscow troops under the command of Chmielnicki and Vasil Buturlin. But in these landmark moments of history, Lviv became the real capital of Poland, a city whose heroic defence covered them with large glory and caused widespread admiration throughout Poland. Jan Kazimierz and his entourage lived in the Archbishop's building at the Lviv marketplace Square no. 9. The dignitaries, abroad messages and nobles began to slide. The city was so full that fire was burned on the streets that those who did not find places in the inns could warm up. King, nuncio, Archbishop of Lviv Jan Tarnowski and respective senators sat. A large thought of a spiritual act was born - prayers for God's aid through Our woman in the tragic situation of Poland, flowing from noble motives and deep faith, besides carrying a social message - a promise to improve the valley of the people oppressed by magnateria and nobility. most likely the first to throw this thought was the Primate of Poland Andrzej Leszczyński. It was him, remaining sick in Głogówek, that became the spiritus movens of this large spiritual event. The primate of the bill sent nuntius from Glogówka to Lviv, and Jan Kazimierz accepted it immediately. On the another hand, a discussion was made in Lviv on the binding of this vow and a royal promise was added to repair the village people.



SLUBING



The final form of the oath was undoubtedly a evidence of the co-operation of the king, nuncio and members of the royal council: Andrzej Trzebicki - Crown Chancellor, Przemysl Bishop, and Jan Tarnowski - Archbishop of Lviv. The event was held on Saturday, April 1, 1656, in the octave of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. In the morning, the pontiff and the Hungarian regiment of Prince Jerzy Rakocz formed a spatler from the marketplace to the cathedral, which was attended by the Rajists, jurors, representatives of all the states and nationalities of the city, representatives of the fraternity of attributes and orders, filling the cathedral, and behind them the people who were kneeling outside the temple, at the chapel of Domagajicz, in which the image of Our woman of Grace was placed, moved for the time of the celebration to the altar of the main cathedral. Then came the chariots with the king and his accompanying church and secular dignitaries.



Before the miraculous image of Our woman of Grace, the papal nuncio celebrated Mass, and immediately before the "Agnus Dei" Jan Kazimierz descended from the throne, laid down a crown and a scepter. After receiving Communion, he kneeled on the highest degree of the altar and made a vow. In the silence of Lviv Cathedral, the words of prayer were said:



"Great God-Man Parentess and Virgin Mary! I, John Casimir, by the grace of thy Son, the King of kings and my Lord, and of thy mercy, the king, having fallen to the feet of thy most holy, thee for my Throne, and for the Queen of my kingdoms, present I choose. And myself, and my Polish kingdom, the Lithuanian, Russian, Prussian, Mazovian, Zmudzian, Inflant and Chernich, armies of both nations and peoples all I commend your individual care and defence and for your aid and mercy in this unfortunate and sad kingdom of my standing against the enemies of the Holy Roman Church humbly beg. And that I, with my nation a fresh and sincere desire to service you, have the top bounties of yours, so I promise, in the future, in my peoples and in my name to you, the Blessed Virgin, and to your Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, that your honor and the most holy glory always in all the countries of my kingdom, I will multiply and maintain. I promise you, in addition to this, that when, through your holy means and the large boy of your mercy, over enemies, and peculiarly Swedes, yours, and yours, honor and glory everywhere in the enemy's persecuting and utterly destroying those who seek, I will win, at the Holy See I will strive to give thanks to you and your boy all year as solemn and holy, and I will go to watch over these bishops of my kingdom, that what I promise from my peoples may be fulfilled. And since with the large pain of my heart I know that for the tears and the harm of my kingdom your Son, the righteous justice of the world, has for 7 years permitted us the punishments of air, war and another woes, so I promise and promise, but that with all my states after my return to peace I will usage lovingly all means to reverse these calamities, and I will make certain that my people may be free from unjust burdens and tribulations. Do this, Most Merciful woman and Queen, so that as you have the most sincere desire in me, in my officials and in the states to confess this vow you may rise up favour with us in your boy to fulfill this vow. Amen."



After the vow of John Casimir, the text of this beautiful prayer was repeated on behalf of the states of the brightest Republic under the Crown Chancellors Bishop Andrzej Trzebicki. The Papal Nuncio sent to Rome a description of the celebration and text of the royal vow, which the Holy See welcomed with joy. Pope Alexander VII besides held a thanksgiving service. The religious-political importance of the act of vowing was to make the citizens of the Republic of both Nations aware of the authentic belief in the power of prayer which John Casimir professed before the miraculous image, in order by spreading the cult of Our Lady, to get mercy and aid her boy for the unhappy, torn apart by the invaders of the state, and to make public a promise to correct the oppressed agrarian people.



A Wonderful Opposition



A week after the royal vow, the joyous news of Stefan Czarniecki's victory, the captain of the Crown field, over the Swedes under Varka, reached Lviv. In gratitude for the victory, a service was held in the cathedral and the king prayed again in front of the image of Our woman of Grace, moved again from the chapel of Domagalice. The communicative of this image is unusual and sheds light on the unexplored ways of God's grace. In 1598 the juror Wojciech Domagajic and Catherine of Wolfowicz died the beloved daughter of Catherine. The child's grandfather, artist Józef Wolfowicz, painted the parent of God with the kid on a tiny wooden board, and at their feet, against the mountainous landscape, 2 praying children. The painting was suspended on the wall of the cathedral cemetery, where the girl's grave was. Initially, the closest household prayed before the painting, and in time the townspeople cursed due to the fact that the household was known and respected. During the days of Archbishop Stanisław Grochowski, Junosz's coat of arms (1633-1645) saw the first miracle. The seriously sick Anna Kosciałkówna recovered fully. As a votive, she gave the parent of God a silver heart and embroidered gold dress. Then others besides received extraordinary favors. In order to defend the image from the effects of weather, a tiny chapel, called Domagaliczowska, was built, where not only Lviv townsmen but besides merchants, nobles and people coming to Lviv for the fairs prayed more and more. Treated as a wonderful image, the painting enjoyed large fame not only in Lviv but beyond its borders. On 12 May 1776, he was crowned with papal crowns by the Archbishop of Lviv Wenceslaw Gironim Sierakowski, on the 11th anniversary of the transfer of this painting from the Domagalic Chapel to the Cathedral. He was worshipped in the cathedral of Lviv until 1945. Then the expatriation of Archbishop of Lviv's Metropolitan Eugeniusz Baziak forced the hierarch to bring out a wonderful image. In 1974, Bishop Marian Rechowicz solemnly introduced the painting to the procatery in Lubaczów and shortly made efforts to approve the recoronation. On June 18, 1983, the Holy Father John Paul II during his second pilgrimage to Poland solemnly crowned the painting in Częstochowa on Jasna Góra. present the image of Our woman of Grace is stored in the vault of the Wawel Cathedral.



KING OF THE POLISH CORONE



A fewer days after his vow, Jan Kazimierz came to the Jesuit church. In this temple the papal nuncio Vidoni held a service at the Most Holy Sacrament. At the end of Litania Loretańska he first added the invocation "Regina Regni Poloniae, ora pro nobis" (Queen of the Polish Crown, pray for us). In this act, the typical of the Holy Father, the Papal Nuncio, in the presence of King John Casimir, declared the Blessed Virgin Mary the Queen of the Polish Nation, which he confirmed by virtue of his office the royal proclamation: "I am peeling you as my Patron and as the Queen of my countries," composed in the cathedral of Lviv. The Holy Father Pius XI authorised in November 1923 to celebrate the yearly feast of May 3 as the feast of the Queen of the Polish Crown. On the 300-year anniversary of Jan Kazimierz's weddings in 1956, a fresh act of vows was read at Jasna Góra, which was arranged by the Polish Primate then imprisoned by Fr Stefan Wyszyński. Jan Kazimierz's vows in Polish painting were most beautifully presented by Jan Matejko. present his monumental painting is located and is constantly exhibited in the National Museum in Wrocław. The most patriotic artistic prose of royal vows was described by Henryk Sienkiewicz in "The Flood", and in poesy - Stanisław Wyspiański in the song "The Weddings of Jan Kazimierz".