France and the UAE return to cooperation on the Rafale F5. Against the background of the dispute by €3.5 billion

France and the United arabian Emirates are returning to cooperation on the Rafale F5, respective months after the collapse of the negotiations on backing and access to delicate military technologies. During president Emmanuel Macron's visit to Abu Dhabi on October 20, both countries signed a fresh intergovernmental agreement on the future standard fighter, industrial cooperation and improvement of military technologies. For Paris, this is an crucial change, due to the fact that even a fewer months ago France was preparing to finance the full programme independently. The stakes are billions of euros and the future of 1 of France's most crucial defence partnerships in the Arabian Peninsula.