11.08 - Anniversary of the anti-Polish operation of the NKVD: order of Jeżow
date: August 9, 2018 Editor: AK
Nikolai YezhovNKWDPolish operation
The Gehenna of tens of thousands of Poles began at the minute of the top strength of Stalinist cleansings, which went into past under the name of large Terror. On 11 August 1937, the National Commissioner for Home Affairs (the head of the NKVD) Nikolai Yezhov, ill-famous "bloody dwarf", issued order No. 00485, following the prior approval of the Political Office of KC WKP (b) with Joseph Stalin at the head.
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Order:
1. As of 20 August 1937, start a wide operation, leading to the full decommissioning of the field units of POW and, above all, its diversional-spy-spy and insurgent personnel in industry, transport, sovchoza and collective farms. The full operation should be completed within 3 months, i.e. until 20 November 1937.
2. (b) all prisoners of war in the USSR from the Polish Army, (c) from Poland, regardless of their transition to the USSR, (d) political migrants and persons expelled from Poland due to political convictions, (e) erstwhile members of the PPS and another anti-Soviet Polish political parties, (f) the most active part of local anti-Soviet and nationalist elements from the Polish regions.
3. (a) first of all, the arrests shall be carried out in 2 orders:
4. In parallel with the improvement of the arrest operation, start investigative work. The main focus in the investigation is on full exposing organizers and leaders of diversion groups, in order to full uncover the diversionary network. All those mentioned in the evidence interrogated - spies, pests and diversions - TO BE INCLUDED. To conduct the investigation, appoint a peculiar group of operational staff.
5. All arrested, depending on the degree of proven guilt shown in the course of the investigation, are divided into 2 categories: (a) the first category to be shot, to which belong spy, diversion, harmful and insurgent personnel of Polish intelligence, (b) the second category, to which belong little active of them, subject to imprisonment in prisons and camps with sentences from 5 to 10 years.
6. With respect to the first or second category assigned in the course of the investigation all 10 days, lists shall be drawn up with brief summaries of investigators and agentural materials characterising the degree of guilt of the arrested, which shall be directed for final approval to the NKWD ZSRS. Assignment to, respectively, the first or second categories shall be made, on the basis of the agent and investigative materials considered, National Commissioner for the Interior of the Republic and the Head of the UNKVD territory or country together with the applicable Prosecutor: Republic, Country or District.
7. halt firing from prisons and camps of persons ending the prison sentence, who were tried for espionage to Poland. For each of these persons, present the material for consideration at the Extraordinary gathering of the NKVD ZSRS.
8. Work on crushing the POW and all another quotas of Polish intelligence skillfully and carefully utilized in order to get a fresh agentry on the Polish line. erstwhile selecting an agent, devote quite a few attention to measures to defend NKVD organs from penetration into double networks (this may besides mean "agents of two") of Polish intelligence agents. Lists of agents appointed to recruit, together with the exhaustive characteristics of each of them, shall be sent to the GUGB NKVD manager, Frinowski.
9. The operation shall be telegraphed all 5 days, i.e. 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days of each month. (signed: People's Home Affairs Commissioner ZSRS General State safety Commissioner – JEZOW)
The bureaucratic order in the form of an order scares - in fact, it does not give birth to questions - is consistent with the russian logic of power.
• Between 1937 and 1938, as a consequence of the alleged Polish operation, the NKVD murdered as many as 200 1000 Poles, citizens of the russian Union.
• They were killed by administrative decisions, without judicial convictions.
• This number besides includes members of the families of arrested, wives and children who did not die due to direct actions by russian torturers.
• Anti-Polish crimes lasted a full of more than 14 months; they were stopped after order No. 00762 of 26 November 1938.
Mass crimes in Poles from 1937 to 1938 consumed 10 times as many victims as in the executions of Polish officers in Kharkov, Smolensk, Mednoje and Katyń carried out by the NKVD in 1940.
Source: http://natemat.pl/133231, arrest-Polish-spy-discover-material-proof-on-mass-murder-even-200-thousand-polakow
By order No 00485 of the National Commissioner for Home Affairs On 11 August 1937 Nikolay Jeżowa started cultural cleansing - extermination of Poles surviving in the russian Union.
Yezhov instructed the checkers: “Fill, execution without demarcation.” “Better besides many than besides few”
• And they were brutally murdered, unrepentantly.
• Most frequently without a court, even without the celebrated NKVD Troikas.
• Shot in the back of the head, frequently volleys in the crowd, sometimes just with sticks.
The order 00485 Jezhov was accompanied by a letter-Annexes with a “closely secret” grif with a sharpened government “protect like a cipher” for strict field management of NKWD. Executive units throughout the russian Union were around 60.
The letter justified the order to execution Poles in “Polish operation”.
The letter justified the order to execution Poles in “Polish operation”.
Guide letter to order of Jezhov No. 00485 of 11.08.1937
Top secret
"We send together with this order a secret documentary about fascist-resurrectional, spy, diversional, defet and terrorist activities of Polish intelligence in the USSR, as well as materials of the investigation into the POW case,[1] which uncover a image of the long-term and comparatively unpunished diversional-spy-spy Polish intelligence work in the territory of the [Rodziecki] Union.
From these materials we can see that the subversive activity of Polish intelligence was conducted and is inactive carried out, that impunity of this activity can only be explained by the bad work of the authorities of the Main Board of State Security[2] and by the carefree checksers.
Even now, the work on decommissioning in the Polish diversion-spy groups and POW organizations has not full developed. The pace and scale of the investigation are highly small. The basic contingents of Polish intelligence even avoided operating records (of the full mass of Polish fugitives, with about 15,000 people, only 9,000 people were registered in the full Union). In western Siberia, no more than 1,000 people were registered from around 5,000 fugitives on its territory. The same situation is with the records of political migrants from Poland. As far as agent work goes, it's almost completely missing. Moreover, the existing agent is, in principle, double, substituted by Polish intelligence.
Not rather determined to destruct Polish intelligence personnel is all the more dangerous erstwhile the Moscow centre of POW was broken, many of its most active members were arrested. Polish intelligence, predicting the inevitability of its further failures, tries to launch, and in individual cases already launches, its diversion grid in the national economy of the USSR, and above all in defensive objects.
Therefore, the primary task of the GZBP authorities is to break up the anti-Soviet Polish intelligence activities and to full destruct the inactive intact wide diversional and emerging POW pits and basic quotas of human Polish intelligence in the USSR.”
• The unique character of the "Polish operation" was that it became a circumstantial model for another national operations in the USSR.
• In any of them, Yezhov did not address regional NKVD troops with specified a detailed order with specified a detailed accompanying letter.
• Subsequent national operations were carried out according to the rules and in the spirit of Order No 00485.
• The largest group of victims of order No. 00485 were, according to historians, Polish peasants.
• There have been villages where all the men that the NKVD managed to arrest were taken out to shoot.
• In cities Poles were caught on the basis of telephone books and a letter with names paying for electricity.
A fewer years earlier, before the implementation of the plans for the "final solution to the judaic issue" began in Nazi Germany, Józef Stalin NKVD ordered a cold-blooded genocide on Poles surviving in the russian Union.
"Polish Operation", even against the background of another earlier and later communist crimes,
it gives awe of the scale and severity of its conduct:
The Soviets murdered about 20 percent of Poles surviving in "the country of the planet proletariat".
“Cop and clean up this Polish-Spy dirt. destruct it in the interests of the russian Union!”
(Józef Stalin to Nikolai Yezhov)
(Józef Stalin to Nikolai Yezhov)
“Being a Pole in the russian Union in 1938 – it's about the same as being a hebrew in the 3rd Reich”
(Helena Trybel, witness to genocide)
(Helena Trybel, witness to genocide)
Source: http://nie Correctni.pl/blog/6063/rzez-polakow-order-jezowa-cz1; http://independent.pl/84509-order-jezowa-order-kill-polakow
http://newhistory.interia.pl/book-to-history/news-forgotten-humanity-stalina-order-number-00485-kill-i,nId,1598897
https://sociocybernetyka.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/order-lake-evaluation.pdf
